The Marlin 3d printer firmware allows you to print the firmware version (along with different firmware settings) using the M115 command. The M115 command takes no parameters.
Example output:
M115 FIRMWARE_NAME:Marlin bugfix-2.0.x (May 13 2021 14:16:08) SOURCE_CODE_URL:github.com/MarlinFirmware/Marlin PROTOCOL_VERSION:1.0 MACHINE_TYPE:OCTOPUS_V1_0 EXTRUDER_COUNT:4 UUID:cede2a2f-41a2-4748-9b12-c55c62f367ff Cap:SERIAL_XON_XOFF:0 Cap:BINARY_FILE_TRANSFER:0 Cap:EEPROM:1 Cap:VOLUMETRIC:1 Cap:AUTOREPORT_TEMP:1 Cap:PROGRESS:0 Cap:PRINT_JOB:1 Cap:AUTOLEVEL:0 Cap:RUNOUT:0 Cap:Z_PROBE:0 Cap:LEVELING_DATA:0 Cap:BUILD_PERCENT:0 Cap:SOFTWARE_POWER:0 Cap:TOGGLE_LIGHTS:0 Cap:CASE_LIGHT_BRIGHTNESS:0 Cap:EMERGENCY_PARSER:1 Cap:PROMPT_SUPPORT:0 Cap:SDCARD:1 Cap:REPEAT:0 Cap:SD_WRITE:1 Cap:AUTOREPORT_SD_STATUS:0 Cap:LONG_FILENAME:1 Cap:THERMAL_PROTECTION:1 Cap:MOTION_MODES:0 Cap:ARCS:1 Cap:BABYSTEPPING:0 Cap:CHAMBER_TEMPERATURE:0 Cap:COOLER_TEMPERATURE:0 Cap:MEATPACK:0 ok