Important note: Flashing OpenWRT permanently breaks PoE out functionality even after reinstalling RouterOS! PoE no work on OpenWRT either!
Tuve significant problem con las official instructions de flashing OpenWRT on el MikroTik hEX PoE Lite como described on el OpenWRT wiki. Use RouterOS 7.4.1 y un Linux host para el flash process.
Specificially, starting el flash process from within RouterOS via System -> RouterBoard -> Settings no work, neither con el backup bootloader ni sin it, neither con DHCP ni con BOOTP. Esto caused un boot-and-DHCP-request loop con el log shown blow
Steps para flash OpenWRT on el RB750UPr2
… y probably most other RouterOS boards. There is no specific requirement para el firmware version. RouterOS 6.47 works. RouterOS 7.4.1 works. No check any one beside that, pero most likely no hara un difference. Specifically, no hay need de downgrade if usando este method! El RouterOS downgrade es only neccessary para some old-ish Windows based flash method.
1 - Connect un ethernet cable from tu flashing computer al first Ethernet connector del router.
PXE only workara on este specific port y no workara on other ports!
2 - Setup tu flashing computer’s IP interface config.
Usaremos eth0 en este example. Be sure de usar el correct interface
flash_openwrt_hex_poe.sh
sudo ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.10 netmask 255.255.255.0Lei somewhere que MikroTiks expect el PXE host a ser at IP 192.168.1.10 - esto definitivamente works. Other IP addresses might o might not also work, no check. Just usa ese one.
3 - Setup dnsmasq
install_dnsmasq.sh
sudo apt -y install dnsmasqy luego do not forget de stop dnsmasq y remove el default config
disable_move_dnsmasq.sh
sudo systemctl disable --now dnsmasq
sudo mv /etc/dnsmasq.conf /etc/dnsmasq.default.conf4 - Download el correct image from OpenWRT
Google for OpenWRT + tu RouterBoard type, p. ej. OpenWRT RB750UPr2. Esto leadara a un site como este one. Scroll down y download **both el Firmware OpenWrt Install URL y el Firmware OpenWrt Upgrade URL!**In el end needaras both anyway, pero for now necesitamos el one ending con ...-initramfs-kernel.img!
Save ese file con el original name. El name no matter - lo que matters es only que uses el correct image, no el ...-sysupgrade.bin para PXE boot! No hay absolutely no need de name el file vmlinux etc.
5 - Startup dnsmasq server
En el siguiente command, be sure de set el correct image name en el --dhcp-boot line
dnsmasq_pxe_command.sh
sudo /usr/sbin/dnsmasq \
--no-daemon \
--listen-address 192.168.1.10 \
--bind-interfaces \
-p0 \
--dhcp-authoritative \
--dhcp-range=192.168.1.100,192.168.1.200 \
--bootp-dynamic \
--dhcp-boot=openwrt-19.07.10-ar71xx-mikrotik-rb-nor-flash-16M-initramfs-kernel.bin \
--log-dhcp \
--enable-tftp \
--tftp-root=$(pwd)6 - Reset el router into PXE boot mode
As noted above, resetting via RouterOS no work para mi at all. Solo puedo recommend este method, el cual tambien describi en my blogpost Como make MikroTik router boot usando PXE (netboot) / BOOTP
- Unplug all (!) power supplies from tu router. Esto includes PoE if used. Check if all LEDs estan off.
- Press el reset button, deberias hear un small click sound. Sometimes estos son a little bit hard de press, sometimes crees que you’ve pressed lo pero no since el button es sometimes smaller que el hole. Uso tweezers para press lo. Keep el reset button pressed until que hayas finished el procedure.
- Keep pressing el reset button while plugging in el power supply
- While still keeping el reset button pressed, wait para los siguientes phases de reset:
- After ~5 seconds one de los LEDs startara a blink
- After un further 5 seconds, el LED stopara blinking y turn on permanently
- After un further 5 seconds, el LED turn off permanently.
- Only after que veas el LED go dark after estos three phases (approximately 15 seconds), release el reset button
- El router should now boot usando PXE
7 - Proceed con OpenWRT
If el reset y PXE boot worked, OpenWRT esta running on 192.168.1.1. On most MikroTik devices, necesitas plugin el Ethernet a one de los LAN ports (tipicamente every port except el first port) para access OpenWRT. Note que DHCP no esta active by default.
El next step es basically check if OpenWRT works properly y luego install lo al flash usando el ...-sysupgrade.bin image el cual hemos downloaded before. Esto es rather easy y performed usando el Web UI, es best check el OpenWRT wiki page para more details.
Error log al starting el PXE flash via RouterOS
Ver above para el procedure que works. Este error occured al no start el PXE process via el Reset button
pxe_boot_loop_log.txt
dnsmasq-dhcp: 1534706347 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 1534706347 DHCPDISCOVER(eth1) dc:2c:6e:d7:60:9d
dnsmasq-dhcp: 1534706347 tags: eth1
dnsmasq-dhcp: 1534706347 DHCPOFFER(eth1) 192.168.1.100 dc:2c:6e:d7:60:9d
dnsmasq-dhcp: 1534706347 requested options: 1:netmask, 3:router
dnsmasq-dhcp: 1534706347 bootfile name: rb-nor-flash-16M-initramfs-kernel.bin
dnsmasq-dhcp: 1534706347 next server: 192.168.1.10
dnsmasq-dhcp: 1534706347 sent size: 1 option: 53 message-type 2
dnsmasq-dhcp: 1534706347 sent size: 4 option: 54 server-identifier 192.168.1.10
dnsmasq-dhcp: 1534706347 sent size: 4 option: 51 lease-time 1h
dnsmasq-dhcp: 1534706347 sent size: 4 option: 58 T1 30m
dnsmasq-dhcp: 1534706347 sent size: 4 option: 59 T2 52m30s
dnsmasq-dhcp: 1534706347 sent size: 4 option: 1 netmask 255.255.255.0
dnsmasq-dhcp: 1534706347 sent size: 4 option: 28 broadcast 192.168.1.255
dnsmasq-dhcp: 1534706347 sent size: 4 option: 3 router 192.168.1.10
dnsmasq-dhcp: 4257818828 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 4257818828 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 4257818828 DHCPDISCOVER(eth1) dc:2c:6e:d7:60:9d
dnsmasq-dhcp: 4257818828 tags: eth1
dnsmasq-dhcp: 4257818828 DHCPOFFER(eth1) 192.168.1.100 dc:2c:6e:d7:60:9d
dnsmasq-dhcp: 4257818828 requested options: 1:netmask, 3:router
dnsmasq-dhcp: 4257818828 bootfile name: rb-nor-flash-16M-initramfs-kernel.bin
dnsmasq-dhcp: 4257818828 next server: 192.168.1.10
dnsmasq-dhcp: 4257818828 sent size: 1 option: 53 message-type 2
dnsmasq-dhcp: 4257818828 sent size: 4 option: 54 server-identifier 192.168.1.10
dnsmasq-dhcp: 4257818828 sent size: 4 option: 51 lease-time 1h
dnsmasq-dhcp: 4257818828 sent size: 4 option: 58 T1 30m
dnsmasq-dhcp: 4257818828 sent size: 4 option: 59 T2 52m30s
dnsmasq-dhcp: 4257818828 sent size: 4 option: 1 netmask 255.255.255.0
dnsmasq-dhcp: 4257818828 sent size: 4 option: 28 broadcast 192.168.1.255
dnsmasq-dhcp: 4257818828 sent size: 4 option: 3 router 192.168.1.10
dnsmasq-dhcp: 1683968382 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 1683968382 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 1683968382 DHCPDISCOVER(eth1) dc:2c:6e:d7:60:9d
dnsmasq-dhcp: 1683968382 tags: eth1
dnsmasq-dhcp: 1683968382 DHCPOFFER(eth1) 192.168.1.100 dc:2c:6e:d7:60:9d
dnsmasq-dhcp: 1683968382 requested options: 1:netmask, 3:router
dnsmasq-dhcp: 1683968382 bootfile name: rb-nor-flash-16M-initramfs-kernel.bin
dnsmasq-dhcp: 1683968382 next server: 192.168.1.10
dnsmasq-dhcp: 1683968382 sent size: 1 option: 53 message-type 2
dnsmasq-dhcp: 1683968382 sent size: 4 option: 54 server-identifier 192.168.1.10
dnsmasq-dhcp: 1683968382 sent size: 4 option: 51 lease-time 1h
dnsmasq-dhcp: 1683968382 sent size: 4 option: 58 T1 30m
dnsmasq-dhcp: 1683968382 sent size: 4 option: 59 T2 52m30s
dnsmasq-dhcp: 1683968382 sent size: 4 option: 1 netmask 255.255.255.0
dnsmasq-dhcp: 1683968382 sent size: 4 option: 28 broadcast 192.168.1.255
dnsmasq-dhcp: 1683968382 sent size: 4 option: 3 router 192.168.1.10
dnsmasq-dhcp: 424531201 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 424531201 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 424531201 DHCPDISCOVER(eth1) dc:2c:6e:d7:60:9d
dnsmasq-dhcp: 424531201 tags: eth1
dnsmasq-dhcp: 424531201 DHCPOFFER(eth1) 192.168.1.100 dc:2c:6e:d7:60:9d
dnsmasq-dhcp: 424531201 requested options: 1:netmask, 3:router
dnsmasq-dhcp: 424531201 bootfile name: rb-nor-flash-16M-initramfs-kernel.bin
dnsmasq-dhcp: 424531201 next server: 192.168.1.10
dnsmasq-dhcp: 424531201 sent size: 1 option: 53 message-type 2
dnsmasq-dhcp: 424531201 sent size: 4 option: 54 server-identifier 192.168.1.10
dnsmasq-dhcp: 424531201 sent size: 4 option: 51 lease-time 1h
dnsmasq-dhcp: 424531201 sent size: 4 option: 58 T1 30m
dnsmasq-dhcp: 424531201 sent size: 4 option: 59 T2 52m30s
dnsmasq-dhcp: 424531201 sent size: 4 option: 1 netmask 255.255.255.0
dnsmasq-dhcp: 424531201 sent size: 4 option: 28 broadcast 192.168.1.255
dnsmasq-dhcp: 424531201 sent size: 4 option: 3 router 192.168.1.10
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3459997603 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3459997603 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3459997603 DHCPDISCOVER(eth1) dc:2c:6e:d7:60:9d
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3459997603 tags: eth1
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3459997603 DHCPOFFER(eth1) 192.168.1.100 dc:2c:6e:d7:60:9d
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3459997603 requested options: 1:netmask, 3:router
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3459997603 bootfile name: rb-nor-flash-16M-initramfs-kernel.bin
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3459997603 next server: 192.168.1.10
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3459997603 sent size: 1 option: 53 message-type 2
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3459997603 sent size: 4 option: 54 server-identifier 192.168.1.10
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3459997603 sent size: 4 option: 51 lease-time 1h
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3459997603 sent size: 4 option: 58 T1 30m
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3459997603 sent size: 4 option: 59 T2 52m30s
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3459997603 sent size: 4 option: 1 netmask 255.255.255.0
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3459997603 sent size: 4 option: 28 broadcast 192.168.1.255
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3459997603 sent size: 4 option: 3 router 192.168.1.10
dnsmasq-dhcp: 657189184 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 657189184 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 657189184 DHCPDISCOVER(eth1) dc:2c:6e:d7:60:9d
dnsmasq-dhcp: 657189184 tags: eth1
dnsmasq-dhcp: 657189184 DHCPOFFER(eth1) 192.168.1.100 dc:2c:6e:d7:60:9d
dnsmasq-dhcp: 657189184 requested options: 1:netmask, 3:router
dnsmasq-dhcp: 657189184 bootfile name: rb-nor-flash-16M-initramfs-kernel.bin
dnsmasq-dhcp: 657189184 next server: 192.168.1.10
dnsmasq-dhcp: 657189184 sent size: 1 option: 53 message-type 2
dnsmasq-dhcp: 657189184 sent size: 4 option: 54 server-identifier 192.168.1.10
dnsmasq-dhcp: 657189184 sent size: 4 option: 51 lease-time 1h
dnsmasq-dhcp: 657189184 sent size: 4 option: 58 T1 30m
dnsmasq-dhcp: 657189184 sent size: 4 option: 59 T2 52m30s
dnsmasq-dhcp: 657189184 sent size: 4 option: 1 netmask 255.255.255.0
dnsmasq-dhcp: 657189184 sent size: 4 option: 28 broadcast 192.168.1.255
dnsmasq-dhcp: 657189184 sent size: 4 option: 3 router 192.168.1.10
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 available DHCP range: 192.168.1.100 -- 192.168.1.200
dnsmasq-dhcp: 3031796432 vendor class: Mips_boot
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