X1/X2/Y1/Y2/Y4 脉冲耐受额定电压计算器(IEC 60384-14)
IEC 60384-14 规定 X1/X2 额定电容器应测试能承受脉冲电压 4 kV(X1)、2.5 kV(X2, Y4)、8 kV(Y1)或 5 kV(Y2)。
然而这些值仅适用于电容 $$\leq 1 μF$$(Y1/Y4 电容器除外)**。对于 $$> 1 μF$$ 的 X1/X2/Y2 电容使用此计算器!
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TechOverflow calculators:
You can enter values with SI suffixes like 12.2m (equivalent to 0.012) or 14k (14000) or 32u (0.000032).
The results are calculated while you type and shown directly below the calculator, so there is no need to press return or click on a Calculate button.
You can enter values with SI suffixes like 12.2m (equivalent to 0.012) or 14k (14000) or 32u (0.000032).
The results are calculated while you type and shown directly below the calculator, so there is no need to press return or click on a Calculate button.
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公式:
$$Up = \frac{Up_{\leq 1 μF}}{\Large\sqrt{\frac{C}{1\,000\,000\frac{μF}{F}}}}$$其中:
- $Up$ 是脉冲耐受电压额定值
- $C$ 是以法拉为单位的电容
- $Up_{\leq 1 μF}$ 是该电容器类在电容 $\leq 1 μF$ 时的电压额定值:
- 对于 X1 类:4 kV
- 对于 X2 类:2.5 kV
- Y1 类脉冲耐受电压始终为 8 kV,无论电容如何
- 对于 Y2 类:5 kV
- Y4 类脉冲耐受电压始终为 2.5 kV,无论电容如何
为什么较大电容器的脉冲耐受电压较低?
降低脉冲耐受电压的基本原理是较大的电容将具有足够的电容,使得给定的过电压不会在电容器中引起大的电压尖峰。
选择公式(见上文)使得电容器中的能量:
$$E = \frac{1}{2}\cdot{}C\cdot{}U_p^2$$保持恒定(即与等效的 1 μF 电容器相同的值)。
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