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如何使用 pydantic_settings 从环境变量加载 MariaDB 设置

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使用此代码通过 pydantic_settings 库从环境变量加载 MySQL/MariaDB 设置：

mariadb_settings.py
from pydantic_settings import BaseSettings

class MariaDBSettings(BaseSettings):
    hostname: str = "mariadb"
    user: str = "root"
    password: str = "abc123"
    database: str = "mydb"

    class Config:
        env_prefix = 'MARIADB_'

可选： 如果要从 .env 文件加载，可以使用 dotenv 库中的 load_dotenv：

load_dotenv_example.py
# Load environment variables from a .env file if necessary
# This step is optional and only needed if you are using a .env file
from dotenv import load_dotenv
load_dotenv()

用法示例

mariadb_settings_usage.py
settings = MariaDBSettings()

print("MARIADB_HOSTNAME:", settings.hostname)
print("MARIADB_USER:", settings.user)
print("MARIADB_PASSWORD:", settings.password)
print("MARIADB_DATABASE:", settings.database)

示例输出：

mariadb_settings_default_output.sh
$ ./mariadb_settings.py
MARIADB_HOSTNAME: mariadb
MARIADB_USER: root
MARIADB_PASSWORD: abc123
MARIADB_DATABASE: mydb
mariadb_settings_env_output.sh
$ MARIADB_HOSTNAME=10.1.2.3 ./mariadb_settings.py
MARIADB_HOSTNAME: 10.1.2.3
MARIADB_USER: root
MARIADB_PASSWORD: abc123
MARIADB_DATABASE: mydb
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