Problem:
When you try to run a LVGL example such as ST7735R minimal LVGL chart example for PlatformIO on the ESP32, your MCU repeatedly crashes after init (see below for the full crash log) during lv_tlsf_create()
which is called inside lv_mem_init()
Solution:
This crash occurs due to one of the LVGL-related libraries using ps_malloc()
, trying to allocate the memory from the external PSRAM chip – which your board does not have (and typically does not need)
In order to fix it, first add the following line to your platformio.ini
:
build_flags = -DLV_CONF_INCLUDE_SIMPLE -DLV_CONF_SUPPRESS_DEFINE_CHECK
Now, create a new file include/lv_conf.h
which we will use to override the default . This is based on How to use custom LVGL lv_conf.h with Adafruit LittlevGL Glue Library on PlatformIO.
Paste the following content into include/lv_conf.h
/** * @file lv_conf.h * Configuration file for v8.0.2 */ /* * COPY THIS FILE AS `lv_conf.h` NEXT TO the `lvgl` FOLDER */ #if 1 /*Set it to "1" to enable content*/ #ifndef LV_CONF_H #define LV_CONF_H /*clang-format off*/ #include <stdint.h> /*==================== COLOR SETTINGS *====================*/ /*Color depth: 1 (1 byte per pixel), 8 (RGB332), 16 (RGB565), 32 (ARGB8888)*/ #define LV_COLOR_DEPTH 16 /* Swap the 2 bytes of RGB565 color. * Useful if the display has a 8 bit interface (e.g. SPI)*/ #if defined(ADAFRUIT_PYPORTAL) #define LV_COLOR_16_SWAP 1 #else #define LV_COLOR_16_SWAP 0 #endif /*Enable more complex drawing routines to manage screens transparency. *Can be used if the UI is above another layer, e.g. an OSD menu or video *player. *Requires `LV_COLOR_DEPTH = 32` colors and the screen's `bg_opa` should be set *to non LV_OPA_COVER value*/ #define LV_COLOR_SCREEN_TRANSP 0 /*Images pixels with this color will not be drawn if they are chroma keyed)*/ #define LV_COLOR_CHROMA_KEY lv_color_hex(0x00ff00) /*pure green*/ /*========================= MEMORY SETTINGS *=========================*/ /*1: use custom malloc/free, 0: use the built-in `lv_mem_alloc()` and * `lv_mem_free()`*/ #define LV_MEM_CUSTOM 0 #if LV_MEM_CUSTOM == 0 /*Size of the memory available for `lv_mem_alloc()` in bytes (>= 2kB)*/ #define LV_MEM_SIZE (32U * 1024U) /*[bytes]*/ /*Set an address for the memory pool instead of allocating it as a normal array. * Can be in external SRAM too.*/ #define LV_MEM_ADR 0 /*0: unused*/ // For ESP32, give a memory pool allocator and use the PSRAM instead of flash #ifdef ESP32 #if LV_MEM_ADR == 0 #define LV_MEM_POOL_INCLUDE <stdlib.h> #define LV_MEM_POOL_ALLOC malloc #endif #endif #else /*LV_MEM_CUSTOM*/ #define LV_MEM_CUSTOM_INCLUDE \ <stdlib.h> /*Header for the dynamic memory function*/ #define LV_MEM_CUSTOM_ALLOC malloc #define LV_MEM_CUSTOM_FREE free #define LV_MEM_CUSTOM_REALLOC realloc #endif /*LV_MEM_CUSTOM*/ /*Use the standard `memcpy` and `memset` instead of LVGL's own functions. (Might * or might not be faster).*/ #define LV_MEMCPY_MEMSET_STD 0 /*==================== HAL SETTINGS *====================*/ /*Default display refresh period. LVG will redraw changed ares with this period * time*/ #define LV_DISP_DEF_REFR_PERIOD 30 /*[ms]*/ /*Input device read period in milliseconds*/ #define LV_INDEV_DEF_READ_PERIOD 30 /*[ms]*/ /*Use a custom tick source that tells the elapsed time in milliseconds. *It removes the need to manually update the tick with `lv_tick_inc()`)*/ #define LV_TICK_CUSTOM 0 #if LV_TICK_CUSTOM #define LV_TICK_CUSTOM_INCLUDE \ "Arduino.h" /*Header for the system time function*/ #define LV_TICK_CUSTOM_SYS_TIME_EXPR \ (millis()) /*Expression evaluating to current system time in ms*/ #endif /*LV_TICK_CUSTOM*/ /*Default Dot Per Inch. Used to initialize default sizes such as widgets sized, *style paddings. (Not so important, you can adjust it to modify default sizes *and spaces)*/ #define LV_DPI_DEF 130 /*[px/inch]*/ /*======================= * FEATURE CONFIGURATION *=======================*/ /*------------- * Drawing *-----------*/ /*Enable complex draw engine. *Required to draw shadow, gradient, rounded corners, circles, arc, skew lines, *image transformations or any masks*/ #define LV_DRAW_COMPLEX 1 #if LV_DRAW_COMPLEX != 0 /*Allow buffering some shadow calculation. *LV_SHADOW_CACHE_SIZE is the max. shadow size to buffer, where shadow size is *`shadow_width + radius` Caching has LV_SHADOW_CACHE_SIZE^2 RAM cost*/ #define LV_SHADOW_CACHE_SIZE 0 #endif /*LV_DRAW_COMPLEX*/ /*Default image cache size. Image caching keeps the images opened. *If only the built-in image formats are used there is no real advantage of *caching. (I.e. if no new image decoder is added) With complex image decoders *(e.g. PNG or JPG) caching can save the continuous open/decode of images. *However the opened images might consume additional RAM. *0: to disable caching*/ #define LV_IMG_CACHE_DEF_SIZE 0 /*Maximum buffer size to allocate for rotation. Only used if software rotation * is enabled in the display driver.*/ #define LV_DISP_ROT_MAX_BUF (10 * 1024) /*------------- * GPU *-----------*/ /*Use STM32's DMA2D (aka Chrom Art) GPU*/ #define LV_USE_GPU_STM32_DMA2D 0 #if LV_USE_GPU_STM32_DMA2D /*Must be defined to include path of CMSIS header of target processor e.g. "stm32f769xx.h" or "stm32f429xx.h"*/ #define LV_GPU_DMA2D_CMSIS_INCLUDE #endif /*Use NXP's PXP GPU iMX RTxxx platforms*/ #define LV_USE_GPU_NXP_PXP 0 #if LV_USE_GPU_NXP_PXP /*1: Add default bare metal and FreeRTOS interrupt handling routines for PXP *(lv_gpu_nxp_pxp_osa.c) and call lv_gpu_nxp_pxp_init() automatically during *lv_init(). Note that symbol SDK_OS_FREE_RTOS has to be defined in order to use *FreeRTOS OSA, otherwise bare-metal implementation is selected. 0: *lv_gpu_nxp_pxp_init() has to be called manually before lv_init() */ #define LV_USE_GPU_NXP_PXP_AUTO_INIT 0 #endif /*Use NXP's VG-Lite GPU iMX RTxxx platforms*/ #define LV_USE_GPU_NXP_VG_LITE 0 /*------------- * Logging *-----------*/ /*Enable the log module*/ #define LV_USE_LOG 1 #if LV_USE_LOG /*How important log should be added: *LV_LOG_LEVEL_TRACE A lot of logs to give detailed information *LV_LOG_LEVEL_INFO Log important events *LV_LOG_LEVEL_WARN Log if something unwanted happened but didn't cause a *problem LV_LOG_LEVEL_ERROR Only critical issue, when the system may fail *LV_LOG_LEVEL_USER Only logs added by the user *LV_LOG_LEVEL_NONE Do not log anything*/ #define LV_LOG_LEVEL LV_LOG_LEVEL_INFO /*1: Print the log with 'printf'; *0: User need to register a callback with `lv_log_register_print_cb()`*/ #define LV_LOG_PRINTF 0 /*Enable/disable LV_LOG_TRACE in modules that produces a huge number of logs*/ #define LV_LOG_TRACE_MEM 1 #define LV_LOG_TRACE_TIMER 1 #define LV_LOG_TRACE_INDEV 1 #define LV_LOG_TRACE_DISP_REFR 1 #define LV_LOG_TRACE_EVENT 1 #define LV_LOG_TRACE_OBJ_CREATE 1 #define LV_LOG_TRACE_LAYOUT 1 #define LV_LOG_TRACE_ANIM 1 #endif /*LV_USE_LOG*/ /*------------- * Asserts *-----------*/ /*Enable asserts if an operation is failed or an invalid data is found. *If LV_USE_LOG is enabled an error message will be printed on failure*/ #define LV_USE_ASSERT_NULL \ 1 /*Check if the parameter is NULL. (Very fast, recommended)*/ #define LV_USE_ASSERT_MALLOC \ 1 /*Checks is the memory is successfully allocated or no. (Very fast, \ recommended)*/ #define LV_USE_ASSERT_STYLE \ 0 /*Check if the styles are properly initialized. (Very fast, recommended)*/ #define LV_USE_ASSERT_MEM_INTEGRITY \ 0 /*Check the integrity of `lv_mem` after critical operations. (Slow)*/ #define LV_USE_ASSERT_OBJ \ 0 /*Check the object's type and existence (e.g. not deleted). (Slow)*/ /*Add a custom handler when assert happens e.g. to restart the MCU*/ #define LV_ASSERT_HANDLER_INCLUDE <stdint.h> #define LV_ASSERT_HANDLER \ while (1) \ ; /*Halt by default*/ /*------------- * Others *-----------*/ /*1: Show CPU usage and FPS count in the right bottom corner*/ #define LV_USE_PERF_MONITOR 0 /*1: Show the used memory and the memory fragmentation in the left bottom * corner Requires LV_MEM_CUSTOM = 0*/ #define LV_USE_MEM_MONITOR 0 /*1: Draw random colored rectangles over the redrawn areas*/ #define LV_USE_REFR_DEBUG 0 /*Change the built in (v)snprintf functions*/ #define LV_SPRINTF_CUSTOM 0 #if LV_SPRINTF_CUSTOM #define LV_SPRINTF_INCLUDE <stdio.h> #define lv_snprintf snprintf #define lv_vsnprintf vsnprintf #else /*LV_SPRINTF_CUSTOM*/ #define LV_SPRINTF_USE_FLOAT 0 #endif /*LV_SPRINTF_CUSTOM*/ #define LV_USE_USER_DATA 1 /*Garbage Collector settings *Used if lvgl is binded to higher level language and the memory is managed by *that language*/ #define LV_ENABLE_GC 0 #if LV_ENABLE_GC != 0 #define LV_GC_INCLUDE "gc.h" /*Include Garbage Collector related things*/ #endif /*LV_ENABLE_GC*/ /*===================== * COMPILER SETTINGS *====================*/ /*For big endian systems set to 1*/ #define LV_BIG_ENDIAN_SYSTEM 0 /*Define a custom attribute to `lv_tick_inc` function*/ #ifdef ESP32 #define LV_ATTRIBUTE_TICK_INC IRAM_ATTR #else #define LV_ATTRIBUTE_TICK_INC #endif /*Define a custom attribute to `lv_timer_handler` function*/ #define LV_ATTRIBUTE_TIMER_HANDLER /*Define a custom attribute to `lv_disp_flush_ready` function*/ #define LV_ATTRIBUTE_FLUSH_READY /*Required alignment size for buffers*/ #define LV_ATTRIBUTE_MEM_ALIGN_SIZE /*Will be added where memories needs to be aligned (with -Os data might not be * aligned to boundary by default). E.g. __attribute__((aligned(4)))*/ #define LV_ATTRIBUTE_MEM_ALIGN /*Attribute to mark large constant arrays for example font's bitmaps*/ #define LV_ATTRIBUTE_LARGE_CONST /*Complier prefix for a big array declaration in RAM*/ #define LV_ATTRIBUTE_LARGE_RAM_ARRAY /*Place performance critical functions into a faster memory (e.g RAM)*/ #ifdef ESP32 #define LV_ATTRIBUTE_FAST_MEM IRAM_ATTR #else #define LV_ATTRIBUTE_FAST_MEM #endif /*Prefix variables that are used in GPU accelerated operations, often these need * to be placed in RAM sections that are DMA accessible*/ #define LV_ATTRIBUTE_DMA /*Export integer constant to binding. This macro is used with constants in the *form of LV_<CONST> that should also appear on LVGL binding API such as *Micropython.*/ #define LV_EXPORT_CONST_INT(int_value) \ struct _silence_gcc_warning /*The default value just prevents GCC warning*/ /*Extend the default -32k..32k coordinate range to -4M..4M by using int32_t for * coordinates instead of int16_t*/ #define LV_USE_LARGE_COORD 0 /*================== * FONT USAGE *===================*/ /*Montserrat fonts with ASCII range and some symbols using bpp = 4 *https://fonts.google.com/specimen/Montserrat*/ #define LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_8 0 #define LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_10 0 #define LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_12 0 #define LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_14 1 #define LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_16 0 #define LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_18 0 #define LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_20 0 #define LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_22 0 #define LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_24 0 #define LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_26 0 #define LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_28 0 #define LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_30 0 #define LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_32 0 #define LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_34 0 #define LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_36 0 #define LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_38 0 #define LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_40 0 #define LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_42 0 #define LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_44 0 #define LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_46 0 #define LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_48 0 /*Demonstrate special features*/ #define LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_12_SUBPX 0 #define LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_28_COMPRESSED 0 /*bpp = 3*/ #define LV_FONT_DEJAVU_16_PERSIAN_HEBREW \ 0 /*Hebrew, Arabic, Perisan letters and all their forms*/ #define LV_FONT_SIMSUN_16_CJK 0 /*1000 most common CJK radicals*/ /*Pixel perfect monospace fonts*/ #define LV_FONT_UNSCII_8 0 #define LV_FONT_UNSCII_16 0 /*Optionally declare custom fonts here. *You can use these fonts as default font too and they will be available *globally. E.g. #define LV_FONT_CUSTOM_DECLARE LV_FONT_DECLARE(my_font_1) *LV_FONT_DECLARE(my_font_2)*/ #define LV_FONT_CUSTOM_DECLARE /*Always set a default font*/ #define LV_FONT_DEFAULT &lv_font_montserrat_14 /*Enable handling large font and/or fonts with a lot of characters. *The limit depends on the font size, font face and bpp. *Compiler error will be triggered if a font needs it.*/ #define LV_FONT_FMT_TXT_LARGE 0 /*Enables/disables support for compressed fonts.*/ #define LV_USE_FONT_COMPRESSED 0 /*Enable subpixel rendering*/ #define LV_USE_FONT_SUBPX 0 #if LV_USE_FONT_SUBPX /*Set the pixel order of the display. Physical order of RGB channels. Doesn't * matter with "normal" fonts.*/ #define LV_FONT_SUBPX_BGR 0 /*0: RGB; 1:BGR order*/ #endif /*================= * TEXT SETTINGS *=================*/ /** * Select a character encoding for strings. * Your IDE or editor should have the same character encoding * - LV_TXT_ENC_UTF8 * - LV_TXT_ENC_ASCII */ #define LV_TXT_ENC LV_TXT_ENC_UTF8 /*Can break (wrap) texts on these chars*/ #define LV_TXT_BREAK_CHARS " ,.;:-_" /*If a word is at least this long, will break wherever "prettiest" *To disable, set to a value <= 0*/ #define LV_TXT_LINE_BREAK_LONG_LEN 0 /*Minimum number of characters in a long word to put on a line before a break. *Depends on LV_TXT_LINE_BREAK_LONG_LEN.*/ #define LV_TXT_LINE_BREAK_LONG_PRE_MIN_LEN 3 /*Minimum number of characters in a long word to put on a line after a break. *Depends on LV_TXT_LINE_BREAK_LONG_LEN.*/ #define LV_TXT_LINE_BREAK_LONG_POST_MIN_LEN 3 /*The control character to use for signalling text recoloring.*/ #define LV_TXT_COLOR_CMD "#" /*Support bidirectional texts. Allows mixing Left-to-Right and Right-to-Left *texts. The direction will be processed according to the Unicode Bidirectioanl *Algorithm: *https://www.w3.org/International/articles/inline-bidi-markup/uba-basics*/ #define LV_USE_BIDI 0 #if LV_USE_BIDI /*Set the default direction. Supported values: *`LV_BASE_DIR_LTR` Left-to-Right *`LV_BASE_DIR_RTL` Right-to-Left *`LV_BASE_DIR_AUTO` detect texts base direction*/ #define LV_BIDI_BASE_DIR_DEF LV_BASE_DIR_AUTO #endif /*Enable Arabic/Persian processing *In these languages characters should be replaced with an other form based on *their position in the text*/ #define LV_USE_ARABIC_PERSIAN_CHARS 0 /*================== * WIDGET USAGE *================*/ /*Documentation of the widgets: * https://docs.lvgl.io/latest/en/html/widgets/index.html*/ #define LV_USE_ARC 1 #define LV_USE_ANIMIMG 1 #define LV_USE_BAR 1 #define LV_USE_BTN 1 #define LV_USE_BTNMATRIX 1 #define LV_USE_CANVAS 1 #define LV_USE_CHECKBOX 1 #define LV_USE_DROPDOWN 1 /*Requires: lv_label*/ #define LV_USE_IMG 1 /*Requires: lv_label*/ #define LV_USE_LABEL 1 #if LV_USE_LABEL #define LV_LABEL_TEXT_SELECTION 1 /*Enable selecting text of the label*/ #define LV_LABEL_LONG_TXT_HINT \ 1 /*Store some extra info in labels to speed up drawing of very long texts*/ #endif #define LV_USE_LINE 1 #define LV_USE_ROLLER 1 /*Requires: lv_label*/ #if LV_USE_ROLLER #define LV_ROLLER_INF_PAGES \ 7 /*Number of extra "pages" when the roller is infinite*/ #endif #define LV_USE_SLIDER 1 /*Requires: lv_bar*/ #define LV_USE_SWITCH 1 #define LV_USE_TEXTAREA 1 /*Requires: lv_label*/ #if LV_USE_TEXTAREA != 0 #define LV_TEXTAREA_DEF_PWD_SHOW_TIME 1500 /*ms*/ #endif #define LV_USE_TABLE 1 /*================== * EXTRA COMPONENTS *==================*/ /*----------- * Widgets *----------*/ #define LV_USE_CALENDAR 1 #if LV_USE_CALENDAR #define LV_CALENDAR_WEEK_STARTS_MONDAY 0 #if LV_CALENDAR_WEEK_STARTS_MONDAY #define LV_CALENDAR_DEFAULT_DAY_NAMES \ { "Mo", "Tu", "We", "Th", "Fr", "Sa", "Su" } #else #define LV_CALENDAR_DEFAULT_DAY_NAMES \ { "Su", "Mo", "Tu", "We", "Th", "Fr", "Sa" } #endif #define LV_CALENDAR_DEFAULT_MONTH_NAMES \ { \ "January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August", \ "September", "October", "November", "December" \ } #define LV_USE_CALENDAR_HEADER_ARROW 1 #define LV_USE_CALENDAR_HEADER_DROPDOWN 1 #endif /*LV_USE_CALENDAR*/ #define LV_USE_CHART 1 #define LV_USE_COLORWHEEL 1 #define LV_USE_IMGBTN 1 #define LV_USE_KEYBOARD 1 #define LV_USE_LED 1 #define LV_USE_LIST 1 #define LV_USE_METER 1 #define LV_USE_MSGBOX 1 #define LV_USE_SPINBOX 1 #define LV_USE_SPINNER 1 #define LV_USE_TABVIEW 1 #define LV_USE_TILEVIEW 1 #define LV_USE_WIN 1 #define LV_USE_SPAN 1 #if LV_USE_SPAN /*A line text can contain maximum num of span descriptor */ #define LV_SPAN_SNIPPET_STACK_SIZE 64 #endif /*----------- * Themes *----------*/ /*A simple, impressive and very complete theme*/ #define LV_USE_THEME_DEFAULT 1 #if LV_USE_THEME_DEFAULT /*0: Light mode; 1: Dark mode*/ #define LV_THEME_DEFAULT_DARK 0 /*1: Enable grow on press*/ #define LV_THEME_DEFAULT_GROW 1 /*Default transition time in [ms]*/ #define LV_THEME_DEFAULT_TRANSITON_TIME 80 #endif /*LV_USE_THEME_DEFAULT*/ /*An very simple them that is a good starting point for a custom theme*/ #define LV_USE_THEME_BASIC 1 /*A theme designed for monochrome displays*/ #define LV_USE_THEME_MONO 1 /*----------- * Layouts *----------*/ /*A layout similar to Flexbox in CSS.*/ #define LV_USE_FLEX 1 /*A layout similar to Grid in CSS.*/ #define LV_USE_GRID 1 /*================== * EXAMPLES *==================*/ /*Enable the examples to be built with the library*/ #define LV_BUILD_EXAMPLES 1 /*--END OF LV_CONF_H--*/ #endif /*LV_CONF_H*/ #endif /*End of "Content enable"*/
and now retry uploading your program.
Explanation:
void lv_mem_init(void) { // ... tlsf = lv_tlsf_create_with_pool((void *)LV_MEM_POOL_ALLOC(LV_MEM_SIZE), LV_MEM_SIZE); // ... }
with LV_MEM_POOL_ALLOC(LV_MEM_SIZE)
, by default, expanding to ps_malloc
– in other words, your ESP32 will try to allocate it from the PSRAM.
We fixed this by defining, in our custom lv_conf.h
, the following:
#define LV_MEM_POOL_INCLUDE <stdlib.h> #define LV_MEM_POOL_ALLOC malloc
instead of the default
#define LV_MEM_POOL_INCLUDE <esp32-hal-psram.h> #define LV_MEM_POOL_ALLOC ps_malloc
The compiler flags are required to fix issues relating to LVGL expecting lv_conf.h
to be at a specific location.
GDB debugging session investigating the stack trace
(gdb) i sym 0x400dedf0 lv_tlsf_create + 36 in section .flash.text (gdb) i sym 0x400d4ce3 lv_init + 43 in section .flash.text (gdb) i sym 0x400f4506 Adafruit_LvGL_Glue::begin(Adafruit_SPITFT*, void*, bool) + 6 in section .flash.text
Serial output / crash log
Rebooting... ets Jun 8 2016 00:22:57 rst:0xc (SW_CPU_RESET),boot:0x13 (SPI_FAST_FLASH_BOOT) configsip: 0, SPIWP:0xee clk_drv:0x00,q_drv:0x00,d_drv:0x00,cs0_drv:0x00,hd_drv:0x00,wp_drv:0x00 mode:DIO, clock div:2 load:0x3fff0030,len:1184 load:0x40078000,len:13192 load:0x40080400,len:3028 entry 0x400805e4 Guru Meditation Error: Core 1 panic'ed (StoreProhibited). Exception was unhandled. Core 1 register dump: PC : 0x400dedfb PS : 0x00060830 A0 : 0x800dee25 A1 : 0x3ffb2180 A2 : 0x00000000 A3 : 0x00000000 A4 : 0x0000001b A5 : 0x00060e23 A6 : 0x007bf388 A7 : 0x003fffff A8 : 0x00000000 A9 : 0x00000000 A10 : 0x00000480 A11 : 0x00000000 A12 : 0x0000000e A13 : 0x3ffbcc50 A14 : 0x00000003 A15 : 0x00060023 SAR : 0x00000005 EXCCAUSE: 0x0000001d EXCVADDR: 0x00000008 LBEG : 0x40089691 LEND : 0x400896a1 LCOUNT : 0xfffffff5 Backtrace: 0x400dedf8:0x3ffb2180 0x400dee22:0x3ffb21a0 0x400dd607:0x3ffb21c0 0x400d4ceb:0x3ffb21e0 0x400f450e:0x3ffb2200 0x400f462b:0x3ffb2250 0x400d23f9:0x3ffb2270 0x400f54a2:0x3ffb2290